Historical Background The royal city of the last Egyptian Dynasty (Ptolemaic Dynasty), where Cleopatra, the last queen of ancient Egypt, ruled and died, was lost in a series of earthquakes in the Fourth Century AD. For centuries, archeologists tried to discover this legendary city, in which the dramas between Cleopatra, Julius Caesar, Marc Antony and Octavius took place. Discovery of Ancient Alexandria In 1996, after many years of research and use of the most sophisticated electronic equipment, Franck Goddio discovered the remains of the city under water in the eastern harbor of Alexandria. The HILTI FOUNDATION financed the activities. In a press conference in Alexandria in November 1996, the findings were presented to the public.